Basic Techniques of Swedish
massage
Traditional Swedish
Massage uses five main strokes, and many variations, to achieve its relaxing and
healing effects. Many therapists use a variety of techniques.
Effleurage consists of
long, gliding strokes from the neck down to the base of the spine or from the
shoulder down to the fingertips. When done on the limbs, all strokes are toward
the heart to aid blood and lymphatic flow. It is done with the whole hand or the
thumb pads. Effleurage is designed to acquaint the therapist with his or her
subject’s body and vice versa.
Petrissage
involves
gently lifting muscles up and away from the bones, then rolling and squeezing
them, again with a gentle pressure. It generally involves kneading and
compression motions - rolling, squeezing, or pressing the muscles to enhance
deeper circulation. Petrissage attempts to increase circulation with clearing
out toxins from muscle and nerve tissue.
Friction
is the most penetrating of the strokes, and consists of deep circular or
transverse movements made with the thumb pads or fingertips. The therapist
applies deep, circular movement near joints and other bony areas (such as the
sides of the spine). Friction breaks down adhesions, which are knots that result
when muscle fibers bind together during the healing process, thus contributing
to more flexible muscles and joints.
Tapotement consists of a
series of briskly applied percussive movements, using the hands alternately to
strike or tap the muscles for an invigorating effect. There are many variations
on this stroke. It may be applied with the edge of the hand, with the tips of
the fingers, or with a closed fist. Tapotement attempts to release tension and
cramping from muscles in spasm.
Vibration, or
Shaking,
involves the therapist pressing his or her hands on the back or limbs, and
rapidly shaking for a few seconds. It boosts circulation and increase the power
of the muscles to contact. Vibration is particularly helpful to people suffering
from low-back pain.
