Breathing is important for two
reasons. It is the only means to supply our bodies and its various organs with
the supply of oxygen which is vital for our survival. The second function of
breathing is that it is one means to get rid of waste products and toxins from
the body.
Why Is Oxygen So Vital?
Oxygen is the most vital nutrient for
our bodies. It is essential for the integrity of the brain, nerves, glands and
internal organs. We can do without food for weeks and without water for days,
but without oxygen, we will die within a few minutes. If the brain does not gets
proper supply of this essential nutrient, it will result in the degradation of
all vital organs in the body.
The brain requires more oxygen than
any other organ. If it doesn't get enough, the result is mental sluggishness,
negative thoughts and depression and, eventually, vision and hearing decline.
Old people and those whose arteries are clogged often become senile and vague
because oxygen to the brain is reduced. They get irritated very quickly.
Poor oxygen supply affects all parts
of the body. The oxygen supply is reduced to all parts of the body as we get
older due to poor lifestyle. Many people need reading glasses and suffer hearing
decline in old age.
When an acute circulation blockage
deprives the heart of oxygen, a heart attack is the result. If this occurs to
the brain, the result is a stroke.
For a long time, lack of oxygen has
been considered a major cause of cancer. Even as far back as 1947, work done in
Germany showed that when oxygen was withdrawn, normal body cells could turn into
cancer cells.
Similar research has been done with
heart disease. It showed that lack of oxygen is a major cause of heart disease,
stroke and cancer. The work done at Baylor University in the USA has shown that
you can reverse arterial disease in monkeys by infusing oxygen into the diseased
arteries.
Thus, oxygen is very critical to our
well-being, and any effort to increase the supply of oxygen to our body and
especially to the brain will pay rich dividends. Yogis realized the vital
importance of an adequate oxygen supply thousands of years ago. They developed
and perfected various breathing techniques. These breathing exercises are
particularly important for people who have sedentary jobs and spend most of the
day in offices. Their brains are oxygen starved and their bodies are just
‘getting by’. They feel tired, nervous and irritable and are not very
productive. On top of that, they sleep badly at night, so they get a bad start
to the next day continuing the cycle. This situation also lowers their immune
system, making them susceptible to catching colds, flu and other ‘bugs’.
Oxygen Purifies the Blood Stream
One of the major secrets of vitality
and rejuvenation is a purified blood stream. The quickest and most effective way
to purify the blood stream is by taking in extra supplies of oxygen from the air
we breathe. The breathing exercises described in here are the most effective
methods ever devised for saturating the blood with extra oxygen.
Oxygen bums up the waste products
(toxins) in the body, as well as recharging the body's batteries (the solar
plexus). In fact, most of our energy requirements come not from food but from
the air we breathe.
By purifying the blood stream, every
part of the body benefits, as well as the mind. Your complexion will become
clearer and brighter and wrinkles will begin to fade away. In short,
rejuvenation will start to occur.
Medical Science Verifies Oxygen's
Importance
Scientists have discovered that the
chemical basis of energy production in the body is a chemical called Adenosine
Triphosphate (ATP). If something goes wrong with the production of ATP, the
result is lowered vitality, disease and premature ageing.
Scientists have also discovered that
oxygen is critical for the production of ATP; in fact, it is its most vital
component.
Yoga permits us to tap into this vital
nutrient.
Importance of Healthy Breathing
We know how to breathe. It is
something that occurs to us automatically, spontaneously, naturally. We are
breathing even when we are not aware of it. So it seems foolish to think that
one can be told how to breathe. Yet, one's breathing becomes modified and
restricted in various ways, not just momentarily, but habitually. We develop
unhealthy habits without being aware of it. We tend to assume positions
(slouched positions) that diminishes lung capacities and take shortened breaths.
We also live in social conditions that is not good for the health of our
respiratory system.
As discussed above, scientists have
known for a long time that there exists a strong connection between respiration
and mental states. Improper breathing produces diminished mental ability. The
corollary is true also. It is known that mental tensions produce restricted
breathing.
A normally sedentary person, when
confronted with a perplexing problem, tends to lean forward, draw his arms
together, and bend his head down. All these body postures results in reduced
lung capacity. The more intense the concentration, the more tense the muscles
become. The muscles in the arms, neck and chest contract. The muscles that move
the thorax and control inhalation and muscular tenseness clamp down and restrict
the exhalation. The breaths become shorter and shorter. After an extended period
of intense focusing, the whole system seems to be frozen in a certain posture.
We become fatigued from the decreased
circulation of the blood and from the decreased availability of oxygen for the
blood because we have almost stopped breathing. As our duties, responsibilities
and their attendant problems become more demanding, we develop habits of
forgetting to breathe.
Try an experiment suggested by Swami
Vishnudevananda. Focus attention upon the ticks of a clock placed at a distance
of about twelve feet. If you get distracted, try concentrating harder until you
experience the ticking with undivided attention. If you fail at first, you
should try again and again until you succeed in keeping the ticking clearly in
mind for at least a few seconds. What happened? The majority of persons who took
part in this experiment reported that they have completely suspended the breath.
The others, who had less concentration, reported that they experienced very slow
breathing. This experiment shows clearly that where there is concentration of
the mind, the breathing becomes very slow or even get suspended temporarily.
What's Wrong With The Way We Breathe?
Our breathing is too shallow and too
quick. We are not taking in sufficient oxygen and we are not eliminating
sufficient carbon dioxide. , As a result, our bodies are oxygen starved, and a
toxic build-up occurs. Every cell in the body requires oxygen and our level of
vitality is just a product of the health of all the cells.
Shallow breathing does not exercise
the lungs enough, so they lose some of their function, causing a further
reduction in vitality.
Animals which breathe slowly live the
longest; the elephant is a good example.
We need to breathe more slowly and
deeply. Quick shallow breathing results in oxygen starvation which leads to
reduced vitality, premature ageing, poor immune system and a myriad of other
factors.
Why Is Our Breath Fast and Shallow?
There are several reasons for this.
The major reasons are:
-
We are in a hurry most of the time. Our
movements and breathing follow this pattern.
-
The increasing stress of modern living makes
us breathe more quickly and less deeply.
-
We get too emotional too easily. We get
excited easily, angry easily, and most of the rest of the time we suffer from
anxiety due to worry. These negative emotional states affect the rate of
breathing, causing it to be fast and shallow.
-
Modern technology and automation reduces our
need for physical activity. There is less need to breathe deeply, so we
develop the shallow breathing habit.
-
We are working indoors more and more. This
increases our exposure to pollution. As a result, the body instinctively
inhales less air to protect itself from pollution. The body just takes in
enough air to tick over.
As we go through life, these bad
breathing habits we picked up become part of our life. Unless we do something to
reverse these habits, we can suffer permanent problems. The good news is that
these are reversible. The bad news is that before we can change these habits, we
should recognize and accept that our behavior needs to be changed. This means
that we see for ourselves the benefits of good breathing techniques.
Certainly, yoga is not the only way to
cope up with the stress and the resultant drop in oxygen supply to the brain
brought on by the constricted breathing. A smoke, a coffee break, a trip to the
restroom or a good laugh may all result in some readjustment of constricted
breathing patterns. These can be thought of as "mini-yogas". We can benefit by
taking or seeking more smokes, breaks, trips or jokes. But for those whose
occupations continue to be highly stressful, something more will be needed. Deep
breathing exercises and stretching of muscles, especially those primarily
concerned with controlling inhaling and exhaling, should be sought.
Participation in active sports also will be useful. Going for a walk is very
good. For those experiencing restricted breathing at night, morning exercises
should be actively pursued.
The Effects of Shallow Breathing
-
Reduced vitality, since oxygen is essential
for the production of energy in the body.
-
Increased disease. Our resistance to disease
is reduced, since oxygen is essential for healthy cells. This means we catch
more colds and develop other ailments more easily. Lack of sufficient oxygen
to the cells is a major contributing factor in cancer, heart disease and
strokes.
With our 'normal' sedentary way of
living, we only use about one tenth of our total lung capacity. This is
sufficient to survive and just tick over, but not sufficient for a high vitality
level, long life and high resistance to disease.
The ancient yogis knew the importance
of correct breathing and developed techniques not only to increase health and
life span, but also to attain superconscious states.
The Medical Viewpoint on Fast, Shallow
Breathing
Modem science agrees with the ancient
yogis on the subject of shallow breathing. An editorial in the Journal of the
Royal Society of Medicine suggested that fast, shallow breathing can cause
fatigue, sleep disorders, anxiety, stomach upsets, heart bum, gas, muscle
cramps, dizziness, visual problems, chest pain and heart palpitations.
Scientists have also found that a lot
of people who believe they have heart disease are really suffering from improper
breathing.
Importance of Breathing Through The Nose
The first rule for correct breathing
is that we should breathe through the nose. This may seem obvious, but many
people breathe principally through the mouth. Mouth breathing can adversely
affect the development of the thyroid gland. It can retard the mental
development of children.
The nose has various defense
mechanisms to prevent impurities and excessively cold air entering the body. At
the entrance to the nose, a screen of hairs traps dust, tiny insects and other
particles that may injure the lungs if you breathe through the mouth. After the
entrance of the nose, there is a long winding passage lined with mucus
membranes, where excessively cool air is warmed and very fine dust particles
that escaped the hair screen are caught. Next, in the inner nose are glands
which fight off any bacilli which have slipped through the other defenses. The
inner nose also contains the olfactory organ-our sense of smell. This detects
any poisonous gases around that may injure our health.
The yogis believe that the olfactory
organ has another function: the absorption of prana from the air. If you breathe
through the mouth all the time, as many people do, you are cheating yourself of
all this free energy (prana). The yogis say this is a major factor in lowered
resistance to disease and impairs the functioning of your vital glands and
nervous system. Add to this the fact that pathogens can enter the lungs via
mouth breathing, and you can see that it's impossible to be healthy, not to
mention vital, if you breathe through the mouth.
It is easy to break the habit of
breathing through the mouth. Just keep your mouth closed and you will
automatically breathe through your nose!
Summary: Benefits of Deep Breathing
We will now summarize the benefits of
deep breathing. Deep breathing produces the following benefits:
-
Improvement in the quality of the blood due to
its increased oxygenation in the lungs. This aids in the elimination of toxins
from the system.
-
Increase in the digestion and assimilation of
food. The digestive organs such as the stomach receive more oxygen, and hence
operates more efficiently. The digestion is further enhanced by the fact that
the food is oxygenated more.
-
Improvement in the health of the nervous
system, including the brain, spinal cord, nerve centers and nerves. This is
due again to the increased oxygenation and hence nourishment of the nervous
system. This improves the health of the whole body, since the nervous system
communicates to all parts of the body.
-
Rejuvenation of the glands, especially the
pituitary and pineal glands. The brain has a special affinity for oxygen,
requiring three times more oxygen than does the rest of the body. This has
far-reaching effects on our well being.
-
Rejuvenation of the skin. The skin becomes
smoother and a reduction of facial wrinkles occurs.
-
The movements of the diaphragm during the deep
breathing exercise massage the abdominal organs - the stomach, small
intestine, liver and pancreas. The upper movement of the diaphragm also
massages the heart. This stimulates the blood circulation in these organs.
-
The lungs become healthy and powerful, a good
insurance against respiratory problems.
-
Deep, slow, yoga breathing reduces the work
load for the heart. The result is a more efficient, stronger heart that
operates better and lasts longer. It also mean reduced blood pressure and less
heart disease.
The yoga breathing exercises reduce the work load on the heart in two ways.
Firstly, deep breathing leads to more efficient lungs, which means more oxygen
is brought into contact with blood sent to the lungs by the heart. So, the
heart doesn't have to work as hard to deliver oxygen to the tissues. Secondly,
deep breathing leads to a greater pressure differential in the lungs, which
leads to an increase in the circulation, thus resting the heart a little.
-
Deep, slow breathing assists in weight
control. If you are overweight, the extra oxygen burns up the excess fat more
efficiently. If you are underweight, the extra oxygen feeds the starving
tissues and glands. In other words, yoga tends to produce the ideal weight for
you.
-
Relaxation of the mind and body. Slow, deep,
rhythmic breathing causes a reflex stimulation of the parasympathetic nervous
system, which results in a reduction in the heart rate and relaxation of the
muscles. These two factors cause a reflex relaxation of the mind, since the
mind and body are very interdependent. In addition, oxygenation of the brain
tends to normalize brain function, reducing excessive anxiety levels.
The breathing exercises cause an
increase in the elasticity of the lungs and rib cage. This creates an increased
breathing capacity all day, not just during the actual exercise period. This
means all the above benefits also occur all day.
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